Determination of Melamine, Ammeline, Ammelide and Cyanuric Acid in Infant Milk-Based Formula and Other Food and Feed Products Using the 300-MS Triple Quadrupole GC/MS/MS

Application Note

Food & Environmental, Gen. Pharma & Chemistry

#CA-270126

GC/MS

2010

300-MS triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, 450-GC gas chromatograph

Haibo Wang and Ed George

Bruker Daltonics 05-2010, #CA-270126

Abstract

In September 2008, it was reported that milk products, especially infant formula, were contaminated with melamine in China. The melamine sickened at least 300,000 infants
across the country and killed at least 6. Allegedly, melamine was added to the milk formula and other vegetable protein products, such as wheat gluten and rice protein, to artificially increase the apparent protein levels due to its high nitrogen content. Although melamine itself may have low or no toxicity, it is believed that melamine and related compounds will form insoluble crystals in urine, causing kidney stones and eventual acute renal failure [1]. FDA set
thresholds:

• At or below 1 part per million (ppm) for melamine and cyanuric acid in infant formula (Nov. 2008)
• 2.5 parts per million (ppm) for melamine in foods other than infant formula (Oct. 2008)

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